Standard Wireline Data Processing

 

IODP logging contractor: USIO/LDEO

Expedition: 341

Hole: U1421A

Location: Gulf of Alaska

Latitude: 59° 30.4399' N

Longitude: 143°2.7395' W

Logging date: July 27, 2013

Sea floor depth (driller's): 729.7 m DRF

Sea floor depth (logger's): 729 m WRF (DIT/DSI/HLDS/EDTC-B main run)

Total penetration: 702.7 m DSF (1432.4 m DRF)

Core recovery: 20% of cored interval

Oldest sediment recovered: < 0.5 Ma (biostratigraphy)

Lithologies: mud with and without lonestones, diamict, drilled rock, diatom ooze

 

 

 

Data

 

The logging data were recorded by Schlumberger in DLIS format. Data were processed at the Borehole Research Group of the Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory in July 2013.

 

Logging Runs

 

Tool string
Run

Top depth (m WMSF)

Bottom depth (m WMSF) Pipe depth (m WMSF) Notes
1. DIT/DSI/HLDS/EDTC-B
Downlog
0
695
92

Caliper closed. No radioactive source.

Main
0
695
92
Invalid HLDS
Repeat
318
695
Open hole
Invalid HLDS
2. VSI/EDTC-B
6 good shots

 

Hole U1421A was first flushed with 75 bbl of high viscosity mud and then displaced with very heavy mud (11.8 ppg) for logging. Due to the unstable hole conditions, a modified tool string consisting of the DIT/DSI/HLDS/EDTC-B tools was deployed to acquire high priority measurements with one logging deployment (downlog, main and re[pet runs). To minimize risk, the HLDS was run without radioactive source, thus acquiring only caliper measurements. The VSI tool string was then run; it reached total depth (1427 m WRF, 693 m WSF) and acquired six good shots.

 

The depths in the table are for the processed logs (after depth shift to the sea floor and depth matching between passes). Generally, discrepancies may exist between the sea floor depths determined from the downhole logs and those determined by the drillers from the pipe length. Typical reasons for depth discrepancies are ship heave, wireline and pipe stretch, tides, and the difficulty of getting an accurate sea floor from a 'bottom felt' depth in soft sediment.

 

The sea state was moderate, with varying heave in the range of +/- 0.4 to 1.0 m. The wireline heave compensator was used during the logging operation.

 

Processing

 

Depth shift to sea floor and depth match. The original logs were first shifted to the sea floor (-729 m). The sea floor depth was determined by the step in gamma ray values at 729 m WRF. This differs by 0.7 m from the sea floor depth given by the drillers (see above). The depth-shifted logs were then depth-matched to the gamma ray log from the main pass of the tool string.

 

Depth matching is typically done in the following way. One log is chosen as reference or base log (usually the total gamma ray log from the run with the greatest vertical extent and no sudden changes in cable speed), and then the features in the equivalent logs from the other runs are matched to it in turn. This matching is performed manually. The depth adjustments that are required to bring the match log in line with the base log are then applied to all the other logs from the same tool string.

 

High-resolution data. Because the radioactive source was not used during the logging operation, no density logs were obtained from HLDS at this site. Gamma ray data from the EDTC-B tool were recorded at sampling rates of 5.08 and 15.24 cm. 

 

Acoustic data. The dipole shear sonic imager (DSI) was operated in the following modes: low frequency for lower dipole, standard frequency for both upper dipole and P&S monopole. The compressional velocity data from the monopole were excellent, but the shear velocity data from the dipoles were not as good. Waveform processing is recommended to improve the quality of shear velocity data.

 

Quality Control

 

The quality of the data is assessed by checking against reasonable values for the logged lithologies, by repeatability between different passes of the same tool, and by correspondence between logs affected by the same formation property (e.g. the resistivity log should show similar features to the sonic velocity log). Gamma ray logs recorded through bottom hole assembly (BHA) and drill pipe should be used only qualitatively, because of the attenuation of the incoming signal. The thick-walled BHA attenuates the signal more than the thinner-walled drill pipe.

 

Resistivity and sonic compressional data match well with the gamma ray curves, indicating good quality of the log data.

 

A wide (>12") and/or irregular borehole affects most recordings, particularly those that require eccentralization and a good contact with the borehole wall (HLDS). A measurement of the hole diameter was recorded by the hydraulic caliper on the HLDS tool (LCAL). The caliper data indicate a small, in-gauge hole (~12 inches) in the lower section (540 to 660 m WMSF) and a slightly large hole (12-17 inches) in the upper section (540 to 100 m WMSF). Accordingly, log data from the enlarged portions of the upper hole section should be used with caution.

  intervals

A null value of -999.25 may replace invalid log values.

 

Additional information about the drilling and logging operations can be found in the Operations and Downhole Measurements sections of the expedition reports, Proceedings of the Integrated Drilling Program, Expedition 341. For further questions about the logs, please contact:

 

 

Tanzhuo Liu

Phone: 845-365-8630

Fax: 845-365-3182

E-mail: Tanzhuo Liu

 

Cristina Broglia

Phone: 845-365-8343

Fax: 845-365-3182

E-mail: Cristina Broglia